Phân biệt thì Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn và Hiện tại hoàn thành trong Tiếng Anh
Bài viết này sẽ giúp các bạn phân biệt Thì hiện tại hoàn thành và Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn.
1. Cách sử dụng Thì hiện tại hoàn thành và Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
| Hiện tại hoàn thành | Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn |
|---|---|
|
Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra ở một thời điểm không xác định trong quá khứ Eg: Hung has traveled around the world. (We don’t know when.) (Hùng đã đi du lịch vòng quanh thế giới) |
Diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu diễn ra trong quá khứ và vẫn còn xảy ra ở hiện tại, nhấn mạnh thời gian của hành động Eg: She has been working for the same company for 30 years. (Cô ấy đã làm cho 1 công ty được 30 năm.) |
|
Diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu diễn ra trong quá khứ và vẫn còn ở hiện tại Eg: John has lived in that house for 20 years. (John đã sống trong căn nhà đó 20 năm rồi) |
Diễn tả một hành động có tính chất tạm thời hoặc có thể sắp thay đổi Eg: It has been raining for 2 hours, but I’m sure it will stop. (Trời đã mưa được 2h rồi, nhưng tôi chắc chắn nó sẽ tạnh.) |
2. Cấu trúc Thì hiện tại hoàn thành và Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
| Hiện tại hoàn thành | Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn | |
|---|---|---|
| (+) |
S + have/ has + VpII Eg: I have watched “Iron Man” several times. (Tôi đã xem Người Sắt vài lần.) |
S + have/ has + been + Ving Eg: I’ve been waiting for you for half an hour. (Tôi đã đợi bản nửa tiếng rồi.) |
| (-) |
S + have/ has + not + VpII Eg: She hasn’t come up to now. (Tôi đã xem Người Sắt vài lần.) |
S + have/ has + not + been + Ving Eg: She’s been writing letters all day. (Cô ấy viết thư cả ngày hôm nay.) |
| (?) |
(Từ để hỏi) + have/ has + S + VpII? Eg: How long have you lived there? (Bạn sống ở đó bao lâu rồi?) |
(Từ để hỏi) + have/ has + S + been + Ving? Eg: How long have you been reading that book? (Bạn đã đọc cuốn sách đó bao lâu rồi?) |
3. Bài tập Thì hiện tại hoàn thành và Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
Exercise 1. Viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành dưới dạng câu khẳng định dựa trên những từ gợi ý dưới đây
0. Tom and Alice / be / to a restaurant
Tom and Alice have been to a restaurant.
1. Mary / visit / his grandparents
2. Jack / play games / on the computer
3. John and Su / wash / their car
4. Andrew / repair / his bike
5. Phil / help / Anne with maths
6. Brad and Louise / watch / a film
7. Tamara / talk to / her best friend
8. Bridgette / draw / a picture
9. Carol / read / a computer magazine
1. Mary has visited his grandma.
2. Jack has played on the computer.
3. John and Su have washed their car.
4. Andrew has repaired his bike.
5. Phil has helped Anne with maths.
6. Brad and Louise have watched a film.
7. Tamara has talked to her best friend.
8. Bridgette has drawn a picture.
9. Carol has read a computer magazine.
Exercise 2. Chia các động từ sau ở thì hiện tại tiếp diễn hoặc hiện tại hoàn thành sao cho phù hợp
0. We (have) are having dinner in a restaurant right now.
1. My brother (not/ play)……….. any sport since last year.
2. Some people (attend)………….the meeting right now.
3. I’d better take a bath. I (not/take)……………………one since Sunday.
4. I don’t keep in touch with Alan and we (not/call)……………………each other for 6 months.
5. Where is your father? He………………………(have) lunch in the kitchen.
6. Why are all these people here? What (happen)…………………………..?
7. I………………….just (realize)…………… that there are only two weeks to the final exam.
8. She (finish) … the English course this week.
1. hasn’t played
2. are attending
3. haven’t had
4. haven’t seen
5. is having
6. is happening
7. have just realized
8. has finished
9. is composing
Exercise 3. Viết lại những câu dưới đây sao cho nghĩa không đổi
0. It has been a long time since we last called each other.
We haven’t called each other for a long time.
1. This last time Tom came back to his hometown was 5 years ago.
=> Tom hasn’t…………………………………………………………………
2. He started working as a teacher 6 months ago.
=> He has………………………………………………………………………
3. It has been 3 years since we first went to Japan.
=> We have…………………………………………………………………….
4. I last had my hair cut in June.
=> I haven’t…………………………………………………………………….
5. The last time we met was 2 years ago.
=> We haven’t…………………………………………………………………
1. Tom hasn’t come back home for 5 years.
2. He has worked as a teacher for 6 months.
3. We have not gone to Japan for 3 years.
4. I haven’t had my hair cut since June.
5. We haven’t met for 2 years.
Exercise 4. Chia các động từ sau đây sang thì hiện tại hoàn thành hoặc hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn.
0. That book (lie) has been lying on the table for weeks. Haven’t you (not read) read it yet?
1. I (try) to learn English for years.
2. I (wait) for two hours, but she (not come) yet.
3. She (read) all the works of Dickens. How many have you (read)?
4. I (wait) hear nearly half an hour for my girlfriend Joana; do you think she (forget) to come?
5. Mary (rest) in the garden all day because she (be) ill.
6. Although John (study) at the university for five years he (not get) his degree yet.
7. Jack (go) to Switzerland for a holiday; I never (be) there.
8. We (live) for the last five months, and just ( decide) to move.
9. You already (drink) 3 cups of tea since I (sit) here.
1. have been trying/ have not succeeded
2. have been waiting / hasn’t come
3. has read /have you read
4. have been waiting / has forgot
5. has been resting / has been
6. has been studying / has not got
7. has gone / has never been
8. have been living / have just decided
9. have already drunk / have been sitting
Exercise 5. Put the verb into the more suitable form, present perfect simple (I have done) or condinuous (I have been doing).
0. Where have you been? Have you been playing (you/ play) tennis?
1. Look! ….. (somebody/ break) that window.
2. You look tired ….. (you/ work) hard?
3. “…… (you/ ever/ work) in a factory?” “No, never.”
4. “Liz is away on holiday.” “Is she? Where ….. (she/ go).
5. My brother is an actor ….. (he/ appear) in several films.
6. “Sorry I’m late”. “That’s all right ….. (I/ not/ wait) long?”
7. “Is it still raining?” “No, ….. (it/ stop)”.
8. …… (I/ lose) my address book ….. (you/ see) it?
9. …… (I/ read) the book you lent me, but ….. (I/ not/ finish) it yet. It’s very interesting.
1. somebody has broken
2. Have you been working
3. Have you ever worked
4. has he gone
5. he’s appeared
6. I haven’t been waiting
7. it’s stopped
8. I’ve lost
9. I’ve been reading
Exercise 6. Choose the best answer to complete these sentences.
0. It’s the second time he ______ (lose) his passport.
A. have been losing
B. has been losing
C. have lost
D. has lost
1. Mary ________ (rest) in the garden all day because she _________ (be) ill.
A. has rested – has been being
B. has been resting – has been
C. has been resting – has been being
D. has rested – has been
2. He __________ (not, be) here since Christmas. I wonder where he _________ (live) since then.
A. hasn’t been being – has been living
B. hasn’t been – has lived
C. hasn’t been – has been living
D. hasn’t been being – has lived
3. She ______ (work) so hard this week that she ______ (not have) time to go to the movies.
A. has been working – hasn’t had
B. has worked – hasn’t had
C. has been working – hasn’t been having
D. has worked – hasn’t been having
4. That book ______ (lie) on the table for weeks. You __________ (not read) it yet?
A. has lied – Have you read
B. has lied – Have you been reading
C. has been lying – Have you read
D. has been lying – Have you been reading
5. Tom ______ (never be) in Hanoi.
A. never has been
B. has never been
C. never has been being
D. has never been being
6. You ________ (sleep) so far?
A. Have you been sleeping
B. You have been sleeping
C. Have you slept
D. have slept
7. I ________ (ring) the bell for the last twenty minutes.
A. have rung
B. have been ringing
C. has rung
D. has been ringing
8. They _________ (swim) all the morning.
A. have swum
B. have been swimming
C. has swum
D. has been swimming
1B
2C
3A
4C
5B
6A
7B
8B
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