V + V-ing trong tiếng Anh

A. V + V-ing trong tiếng Anh

Bạn theo dõi các ví dụ sau:

– I enjoy dancing. (KHÔNG nói ‘I enjoy to dance’)

(Tôi thích khiêu vũ.)

– Would you mind closing the door? (KHÔNG nói ‘mind to close’)

Bạn vui lòng đóng giúp cánh cửa được không?

– I am suggested going to the cinema. (KHÔNG nói ‘suggested to go’)

(Tôi đã đề nghị đi xem phim.)

Sau các động từ enjoy, mind và suggest ta sử dụng dạng thức V-ing của động từ (không có to).

Dưới đây liệt kê một số động từ khác cũng có qui luật như trên: được theo sau bởi V-ing.

stop ngưng |

delay trì hoãn |

fancy mến thích |

consider xem xét, cân nhắc |

admit thừa nhận |

miss bỏ sót, quên |

involve liên quan | + V-ing

finish hoàn thành |

postpone hoãn |

imagine tưởng tượng |

avoid tránh |

deny chối |

risk liều lĩnh |

practise thực hành |

Ví dụ:

– Suddenly everybody stopped talking. There was silence.

(Bỗng nhiên mọi người đều ngưng nói chuyện. Đã có một sự im lặng.)

– I’ll do the shopping when I’ve finished cleaning the flat.

(Tôi sẽ đi mua sắm khi tôi hoàn tất việc lau chùi căn hộ.)

– He tried to avoid answering my question.

(Anh ấy gắng né tránh trả lời câu hỏi của tôi.)

– I don’t fancy going out this evening.

(Tôi chẳng thích thú gì với việc đi chơi tối nay.)

– Have you ever considered going to live in another country?

(Đã bao giờ bạn nghĩ đến việc sẽ sinh sống ở một quốc gia khác chưa?)

Dạng phủ định là not V-ing.

Ví dụ:

– When I’m on holiday, I enjoy not having to get up early.

(Trong thời gian đi nghỉ, tôi không thích dậy sớm.)

B. Cụm động từ + V-ing

Một số cụm động từ cũng được theo sau bởi V-ing. Đó là:

give up (=stop) từ bỏ

put off (=postpone) hoẵn lại

carry on/go on (=continue) tiếp tục

keep/ keep on tiếp tục

Ví dụ:

– Paula has given up smoking.

(Paula đã bỏ thuốc lá.)

– We must do something. We can’t go on living like this!

(hoặc … carry on living…)

(Chúng ta phải làm điều gì thôi. Chúng ta không thể tiếp tục sống như thế này.)

– Don’t keep interrupting me while I’m speaking.

(hoặc Don’t keep on interrupting…)

(Đừng có ngắt lời khi tôi đang nói.)

C. Cấu trúc Verb + somebody + V-ing

Đối với một số động từ, chúng ta có thể sử dụng cấu trúc Verb + somebody + V-ing.

Ví dụ:

– I can’t imagine George riding a motorbike.

(Tôi không thể tưởng tượng được chuyện George đi xe máy.)

– You can’t stop me doing what I want.

(Anh không thể ngăn tôi làm những gì tôi muốn làm.)

– “Sorry to keep you waiting so long.” “That’s all right.”

(“Rất tiếc đã để anh chờ quá lâu như vậy.” “Không sao đâu.”)

Bạn cũng cần lưu ý dạng bị động (Passive) của các động từ với cấu trúc này.

Ví dụ:

– I don’t mind being kept waiting. (= I don’t mind people keeping me…)

(Tôi không lấy làm phiền khi phải chờ đợi.)

D. Khi nói về những hành động đã hoàn tất, bạn có thể sử dụng having done/stolen/said …

Ví dụ:

– She admitted having stolen the money.

(Cô ấy thú nhận việc lấy cắp tiền.)

– I now regret saying (hoặc having said) what I said.

(Giờ đây tôi ân hận vì những gì tôi đã nói.)

E. Sau một số động từ trong chương này (đặc biệt là admit/deny/sugget), bạn có thể sử dụng that…

Ví dụ:

– She denied that she had stolen the money. (hoặc She denied stealing)

(Cô ấy đã phủ nhận việc lấy cắp tiền.)

– Ian suggested that we went to the cinema. (hoặc Ian suggested going…)

(Ian đã đề nghị chúng tôi đi xem phim.)

F. Bài tập

Exercise 1. Choose the underlined part among A, B, C, or D that needs correcting.

1. I’m (A) sure he is incapable of (B) run (C) a mile in (D) four minutes.

2. There is (A) a lot of (B) work (C) doing (D) here.

3. We’re (A) looking forward (B) to see (C) you again. (D)

4. I warned (A) them not climb (B) the mountain in (C) such bad weather. (D)

5. You can congratulate (A) yourself (B) about (C) having done (D) an excellent job.

Đáp án:

1. C

2. C

3. C

4. B

5. C

Exercise 2. Complete the sentences with the to-infinitive or -ing form of the verbs in brackets.

1. I tried hard _________ (concentrate), but my mind kept _________ (wander).

2. Tonight I’d like _________ (go) out, but I have to do my homework.

3. If I can choose, I prefer _________ (stay) at home to _________ (play) sports.

4. I detested _________ (spend) two hours every day travelling to work and back.

5. I’d like _________ (have) a look at your new car.

6. It’s difficult _________ (get) used to getting up early.

7. Sue loves _________ (make) origami. She can fold some animals, birds and flowers.

8. I am a little busy. Would you mind _________ (wait) a little longer?

9. I’m looking forward _________ (see) you again.

10. I don’t enjoy _________ (go) to the dentist.

Đáp án:

1. to concentrate/ wandering	2. to go
3. staying/ playing	4. spending
5. to have	6. to get
7. making/ to make	8. waiting
9. to seeing	10. going

Exercise 3. Rewrite the following sentences without changing their meaning.

1. Would you please give me a hand?

→ Would you mind _________________________?

2. Shall we go for a bike?

→ What about _____________________________?

3. He didn’t say goodbye to anyone when he left the room

→ He left the room without___________________.

4. He likes to read books more than to watch television.

→ He prefers ______________________________.

5. She likes to hang out with friends on Saturday evening.

→ She’s interested __________________________.

Đáp án:

1. Would you mind giving me a hand?

2. What about going for a bike?

3. He left the room without saying goodbye to anyone.

4. He prefers reading books to watching television.

5. She’s interested in hanging out with friends on Saturday evening.

Exercise 4. Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. I can’t imagine Peter ________ (go) by bike.

2. He agreed ________ (buy) a new car.

3. The question is easy ________ (answer).

4. The man asked me how ________ (get) to the airport.

5. I look forward to ________ (see) you at the weekend.

6. Are you thinking of ________ (visit) London?

7. We decided ________ (run) through the forest.

8. The teacher expected Sarah ________ (study) hard.

9. She doesn’t mind ________ (work) the night shift.

10. I learned ________ (ride) the bike at the age of 5.

11. We decided ________ (buy) a new car.

12. They’ve got some work ________ (do).

13. Peter gave up ________ (smoke) .

14. He’d like ________ (fly) an aero-plane.

15. I enjoy ________ (write) picture postcards.

16. Do you know what ________ (do) if there’s a fire in the shop?

17. The children prefer ________ (watch) TV to ________ (read) books.

18. Avoid ________ (make) silly mistakes.

19. My parents wanted me ________ (be) home at 11 o’clock.

20. I dream about ________ (build) a big house.

21. I’m hoping ________ (see) Lisa.

22. The children prefer ________ (watch) TV to ________ (read) books.

23. The boys like ________ (play) games but hate ________ (do) lessons.

24. Would you like ________ (go) now or shall we wait till the end?

25. I can’t find my favorite book. You ________ (see) it?

26. We used ________ (dream) of a television set when we ________ (be) small.

27. Would you mind ________ (show) me how ________ (send) an email?

28. He always thinks about ________ (go) swimming.

29. She dislikes ________ (do) a lot of housework.

30. My children enjoy ________ (read) books.

31. She looked forward to ________ (see) you.

32. They are used to ________ (prepare) new lessons.

33. By ________ (work) day and night, he succeeded in ________ (finish) the job in time.

34. His doctor advised him ________ (give up) ________ (smoke).

35. Please stop ________ (talk). We will stop ________ (eat) lunch in ten minutes.

36. Stop ________ (argue) and start ________ (work).

37. I like ________ (think) carefully about things before ________ (make) decisions.

38. Ask him ________ (come) in. Don’t keep him ________ (stand) at the door.

39. Did you succeed in ________ (solve) the problem?

40. Don’t forget ________ (lock) the door before ________ (go) to bed.

Đáp án:

1. going	2. to buy	3. to answer	4. to get
5. seeing	6. visiting	7. to run	8. to study
9. working	10. to ride	11. to buy	12. to do
13. smoking	14. to fly	15. writing	16. to do
17. watching/reading	18. making	19. to be	20. building
21. to see	22. watching/reading	23. playing/doing	24. to go
25. Have…seen	26. to dream/were	27. showing/to send	28. going
29. doing	30. reading	31. seeing	32. preparing
33. working/finishing	34. to give up/ smoking	35. talking/to eat	36. arguing/to work
37. to think/making	38. to come/standing	39. solving	40. to lock/going

Bài tập V + V-ing

Để làm bài tập V + V-ing, mời bạn click chuột vào chương: Bài tập V + V-ing.

Các loạt bài khác: