Bài viết 50 Bài tập về Câu chẻ trong Tiếng Anh cực hay có lời giải gồm đầy đủ lý thuyết trọng tâm về Câu chẻ
và trên 50 bài tập về Câu chẻ chọn lọc, có đáp án chi tiết giúp bạn nắm vững cách sử dụng của Câu chẻ.
50 Bài tập về Câu chẻ trong Tiếng Anh cực hay có lời giải
Phần I. Lý thuyết
1. Nhấn mạnh chủ từ (Subject focus)
a. Với chủ ngữ chỉ người
It + is/was + Noun/pronoun (danh từ/đại từ – chỉ người) + that/who + V + O …
Ex: Câu gốc: My sister gave me this gift. (Chị tôi đã tặng cho tôi món quà này.)
Câu chẻ: It was my sister who/that gave me this present. (Chính chị tôi là người đã tặng cho tôi món quà này.)
→ Nhấn mạnh chủ ngữ chỉ người “my sister”.
b. Với chủ ngữ chỉ vật
It + is / was + Noun (danh từ – chỉ vật) + that + V + O …
Ex: Câu gốc: His bad behavior made the teacher angry. (Cách cư xử tệ của anh ta đã khiến giáo viên tức giận.)
Câu chẻ: It was his bad behavior that made the teacher angry. (Chính cách cư xử tệ của anh ta khiến giáo viên tức giận.)
→ Nhấn mạnh chủ ngữ chỉ vật “His bad behavior”
2. Nhấn mạnh tân ngữ (Object focus)
a. Với tân ngữ chỉ người
It + is/ was + Object (chỉ người) + that/ whom + S + V…
Trong trường hợp danh từ chỉ người là danh từ riêng (tên riêng) thì chỉ được dùng “THAT” trong cấu trúc trên.
Ex: Câu gốc: I met Tuan by chance when I traveled in Hue. (Tôi đã tình cờ gặp Tuấn khi tôi đi dịch ở Huế)
Câu chẻ: It was Tuan that I met by chance when I traveled in Hue. (Tuấn chính là người mà tôi đã tình cờ gặp khi đi du lịch ở Huế.)
→ Nhấn mạnh tân ngữ chỉ người “Tuan”
*Note: Vì “Tuan” là danh từ riêng (tên người) nên ở đây, ta chỉ được dùng “that” để nhấn mạnh tân ngữ, không dùng “whom”.
b. Với tân ngữ chỉ vật
It + is/ was + Object (chỉ vật) + that + S + V…
Ex: Câu gốc: I borrowed this motorbike from my best friend. (Tôi đã mượn chiếc xe máy này từ người bạn thân.)
Câu chẻ: It was this motorbike that I borrowed from my best friend. (Chiếc xe máy này chính là vật mà tôi mượn từ người bạn thân.)
→ Nhấn mạnh tân ngữ chỉ vật “this motorbike”
3. Nhấn mạnh trạng từ (Adverbial focus): trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn (place), thời gian (time)
It + is/ was + Adverbial phrase (trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn/thời gian) + that + S + V…
Ex: Câu gốc: I got married to her on this day 2 years ago. (Tôi đã kết hôn với cô ấy vào ngày này 2 năm trước.)
Câu chẻ: It was on this day 2 years ago that I got married to her. (Ngày này 2 năm trước là lúc mà tôi kết hôn với cô ấy.)
→ Nhấn mạnh trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian: “on this day 2 years ago”
4. Câu chẻ bị động (Cleft sentences in the passive)
a. Với danh từ/ đại từ chỉ người
It + is/ was + Noun/ pronoun (chỉ người) + that/ who + be + V3/-ed…
Ex: Câu gốc: The director criticized him in the meeting beacause his report had so many mistakes. (Giám đốc đã phê bình anh ta trong cuộc họp bởi vì báo cáo của anh ta có quá nhiều lỗi sai.)
Câu chẻ: It was he who was criticized by the director in the meeting because his report had so many mistakes. (Chính anh ta là người bị giám đốc phê bình trong cuộc họp bởi vì báo cáo của anh ta có quá nhiều lỗi sai.)
b. Với danh từ chỉ vật
It + is/ was + Noun (chỉ vật) + that + be + V3/-ed…
Ex: Câu gốc: My parents are talking about my sister’s wedding.
Câu chẻ: It is my sister’s wedding that is being talked about (by my parents). (Lễ cưới của chị gái tôi là chuyện mà đang được(bố mẹ tôi) nói tới.)
5. Nhấn mạnh với What (What focus)
Đây là loại câu cấu trúc câu chẻ đặc biệt mà thông tin cần nhấn mạnh thường được đặt ở cuối. Do đó, mệnh đề “what” được đặt ở đầu câu và trong một số trường hợp, người ta không chỉ có thể dùng “what” mà còn được dùng các đại từ quan hệ khác như “where”, “why” hay “how”. Do những đặc trưng riêng về vị trí từ loại, cách làm câu chẻ trong tiếng Anh với “what” cũng có nhiều khác biệt so với “it”.
Cấu trúc: What clause + V + câu hoặc từ được dùng để nhấn mạnh
Ex: What Tim likes to eat for dinner is always hot pot. (Thứ mà Tim muốn ăn vào bữa tối thì luôn luôn là lẩu.)
6. Một vài cấu trúc câu chẻ nâng cao khác
Bên cạnh những cấu trúc cơ bản thông dụng được sử dụng ở trên, trong tiếng Anh chúng ta hoàn toàn có thể bắt gặp các cách sử dụng nâng cao khác như:
a. Câu chẻ với “wh” đảo ngược
Ex: A real love is what everybody wants to have. (Tình yêu thực sự là điều mà bất kỳ ai cũng muốn có được.)
b. Cấu trúc câu chẻ nhấn mạnh với “all”
Ex: All I want for this special day is you. (Tất cả những điều anh muốn có trong ngày đặc biệt này là em.)
c. Cấu trúc câu chẻ nhấn mạnh với “there”
Ex: There is an old book she really wants to have. (Có một cuốn sách cũ cô ấy thực sự rất muốn có được.)
d. Cấu trúc câu chẻ nhấn mạnh với “if”
Ex: If she wants to become a teacher it’s because she admires her teachers a lot. (Nếu cô ấy muốn trở thành giáo viên thì đó là vì cô ấy ngưỡng mộ thầy cô của mình rất nhiều.)
Phần II. Bài tập
Task 1. Rewrite these sentenses with the same meaning and using the cleft sentences with underlined word
1. My father usually complains about my students whenever they go to my house.
——————————————————————–
2. I used to like climbing up tress and pick fruits.
——————————————————————–
3. My neighbors always make noise at night.
———————————————————————
4. We often complain about the noise at night.
———————————————————————
5. You gave her a bunch of rose last week.
———————————————————————
1. It is my father that/who usually complains about my students whenever they go to my house.
2. It was I that/who used to like climbing up tress and pick fruits.
3. It is my neighbors who/that always make noise at night.
4. It is we who/that often complain about the noise at night.
5. It was you/that who gave her a bunch of rose last week.
Task 2. Choose the correct answer for each following sentence. (Chọn đáp án đúng cho mỗi câu sau.)
1. ______________ I bought the golden fish.
A. It was from this shop that
B. I was from this shop where
C. It was this shop which
D. It was this shop that
2. It was Tom _______ to help us.
A. comes
B. that comes
C. to come
D. who came
3. ____________ the police had rescued from the fire.
A. The baby
B. The baby that
C. It was the baby whom
D. It is the baby whom
4. _______________ my parents gave me the fish tank.
A. It was on my birthday when
B. It was my birthday on that
C. It was my birthday that
D. It was on my birthday that
5. __________ I first met my girlfriend.
A. It was in London that
B. It was in London where
C. It was London that
D. It was London which
6. ____________ on the phone.
A. It is his mother whom is
B. It was his mother whom is
C. It was his mother who is
D. It is his mother who is
7. ____________ a high level of blood cholesterol.
A. It is eggs that contain
B. Those are eggs it contains
C. It is eggs that contains
D. It is eggs contain
8. _______________ England won the World Cup.
A. It was in 1966 that
B. It was on 1966 that
C. It was in 1966 when
D. It was 1966 in that
9. __________________ we all look for.
A. That happiness
B. It is happiness that
C. Happiness it is that
D. Happiness it is
10. ________________ me how to play the drum.
A. It was my uncle who taught
B. My uncle who taught
C. It was my uncle taught
D. It is my uncle teaching
1.A
2.D
3.C
4.D
5.A
6.C
7.C
8.A
9.B
10.A
Task 3. Viết lại những câu sau dưới dạng câu chẻ bị động
1. The pedestrian asked the policeman a lot of questions.
—————————————————————————–
2. The dog barked at the stranger.
——————————————————————————
3. My mom is making some cakes for our dinner.
—————————————————————————-
4. We all saw her husband outside the theater last night.
—————————————————————————–
5. Mr. Hao repaired the roof yesterday morning.
——————————————————————————
1. It was the policeman who were asked a lot of questions by the pedestrian.
2. It was the stranger who was barked at by the dog.
3. It was some cakes that were made for dinner by my mom.
4. It was her husband who was seen outside the theater (by us) last night.
5. It was the roof that was repaired by Mr. Hao yesterday morning.
Task 4. Viết lại câu mang ý nhấn mạnh bên dưới
1. I was most unhappy with the service.
⇒ What…….. (to be unhappy with)
2. I can’t stand the noise.
⇒ It’s …….. (the noise)
3. David didn’t pay for the wedding ring, Anna did.
⇒ It …….. (David)
⇒ It ……..(Anna)
4. He’s always late. It really annoys me.
⇒ What…….. (to annoy)
5. Did you choose the furniture?
⇒ Was…….. (you)
1. What I was most unhappy with was the service.
2. It’s the noise that I can’t stand.
3. It was David who didn’t pay for the wedding ring.
It was Sara who did pay for te wedding ring.
4. What really annoys me is that he’salways late.
5. Was it you who chose the furniture.
Phần III. Bài tập bổ sung
Exercise 1. Rewrite each sentence to emphasize the underlined phrase.
1. Mr. David saw that I could also take part in the contest.
→ It _______________________________________.
2. I didn’t invite them.
→ It _______________________________________.
3. I began to think about everything at that moment.
→ It _______________________________________.
4. His attitude towards other people really annoys me.
→ It _______________________________________.
5. I didn’t decide to postpone the match.
→ It _______________________________________.
6. The candidates didn’t start the trouble.
→ It _______________________________________.
7. Shella hid the book under the mattress.
→ It _______________________________________.
8. I have to call on Monday to schedule an appointment.
→ It _______________________________________.
9. Dating is not allowed until the age of 15 in Central and South America.
→ It _______________________________________.
10. In Italy and Switzerland, teens gathered for parties at home and slept there when the party was over.
→ It _______________________________________.
11. People in the Netherlands have fewer dating rules than any other place in the world.
→ It _______________________________________.
12. Kissing is considered as a part of getting to know each other in Brazil.
→ It _______________________________________.
Đáp án:
1. It was Mr. David that/ who saw that I could also take part in the contest.
2. It wasn’t I who/ It wasn’t me that invited them.
3. It was at that moment that I began to think about everything.
4. It is his attitude towards other people that really annoys me.
5. It wasn’t I who/ It wasn’t me that decided to postpone the match.
6. It wasn’t the candidates who/ that started the trouble.
7. It was Shella who/ that hid the book under the mattress.
8. It’s on Monday that I have to call to schedule an appointment.
9. It is not until the age of 15 that dating is allowed in Central and South America.
10. It was in Italy and Switzerland that teens gathered for parties at home and slept there when the party was over.
11. It is in the Netherlands that people have fewer dating rules than any other place in the world.
12. It is kissing that is considered as a part of getting to know each other in Brazil.
Exercise 2. Rewrite each sentence to emphasize the underlined phrase, starting with It was… Look carefully at the underlined words in the last two questions.
1. He first heard about it from Mary.
2. She got the job because she was the best qualified.
3. Mike first met Jenny when they were both studying in London.
4. I only realized who he was when he started speaking.
5. I didn’t hear about it until yesterday.
6. Sheila hid the book under the mattress.
7. Sheila hid the book under the mattress.
8. Sheila hid the book under the mattress.
9. I have to call on Monday to schedule an appointment.
10. I have to call on Monday to schedule an appointment.
Đáp án:
1. It was from Mary that he first heard about it.
2. It was because she was the best qualified that she got the job.
3. It was when they were both studying in London that Mike first met Jenny.
4. It was only when he started speaking that I realized who he was.
5. It wasn’t until yesterday that I heard about it.
6. It was Sheila who/ that hid the book under the mattress.
7. It was the book that/ which Sheila hid under the mattress.
8. It was under the mattress that Sheila hid the book.
9. It’s on Monday that I have to call to schedule an appointment.
10. It’s to schedule an appointment that I have to call on Monday.
Exercise 3. Reorder the words to make the complete sentences.
1. It/ he/ his/ that/ changed/ father’s/ a/ after/ was/ death / lot./ himself
→ ______________________________________________
2. going/ to/ am/ I/ the/ Tokyo/ that/ in/ It/ is/ holiday./ spend
→ ______________________________________________
3. USA/ 2008/ got/ It / the/ married./ in/ settled/ down/ he/ was/ that/ in/ and
→ ______________________________________________
4. that/ It/ mom/ was/ their/ gave/ on/ wedding/ anniversary/ dad/ diamond/ ring./ my/ my/ a
→ ______________________________________________
5. some/ It/ in/ boyfriend/ me/ took / beautiful/ photos/ my/ was/ who/ for/ Japan.
→ ______________________________________________
Đáp án:
1. It was after his father’s death that he changed himself a lot.
2. It is in Tokyo that I am going to spend the holiday.
3. It was in 2008 that he settled down in the USA and got married.
4. It was on their wedding anniversary that my dad gave my mom a diamond ring.
5. It was my boyfriend who took some beautiful photos for me in Japan.
Exercise 4. Choose the best option to complete the cleft sentence.
1. _________ gave her a bunch of roses last week.
A. It’s you whom
B. It’s you what
C. It’s you which
D. It’s you who
2. _________ is the greatest teacher in the world.
A. It’s our English teacher whom
B. It’s our English teacher who
C. It’s our English teacher which
D. It’s our English teacher whose
3. _________ my younger sister always keeps carefully.
A. It’s the doll which
B. It’s the doll that
C. It’s the doll who
D. It’s the doll whom
4. _________ the boy hit in the garden.
A. It’s the dog who
B. It’s the dog which
C. It’s the dog what
D. It’s the dog whom
5. _________ made me sad yesterday morning.
A. It’s my students’ bad behaviour who
B. It’s my students’ bad behaviour that
C. It’s my students’ bad behaviour which
D. It’s my students’ bad behaviour whom
6. _________ my friend came to see me later.
A. It was last night that
B. It was last night which
C. It was last night when
D. It was last night whom
7. _________ the little boy greeted in a strange language.
A. It was his grandfather whom
B. It was his grandfather who
C. It was his grandfather what
D. It was his grandfather which
8. _________ asked the policeman a lot of questions.
A. It was the pedestrian whom
B. It was the pedestrian what
C. It was the pedestrian who
D. It was pedestrian when
9. _________ the boy scored the goal.
A. It was for his team whom
B. It was for his team what
C. It was for his team that
D. It was for his team which
10. _________ my wife gave to me at my last birthday party.
A. It was this T-shirt that
B. It was this T-shirt which
C. It was this T-shirt who
D. It was this T-shirt whom
Đáp án:
|
1. D |
2. B |
3. B |
4. D |
5. B |
6. A |
7. A |
8. C |
9. C |
10. A |
Exercise 5. Choose who, that, whom.
1. It is her friend _______ plays the violin very well.
2. It is by using this software _______ my brother kills computer viruses.
3. It is my friend _______ Justin falls in love with.
4. It was in that town _______ Hoa was born.
5. It was my mom _______ my dad gave the whole confidential document.
Đáp án:
|
1. that |
2. that |
3. that/ whom |
4. that |
5. that |
Exercise 6. Rewrite the sentences.
1. Jenny was most glad with the service of this restaurant.
→ What ______________________________ (to be glad with)
2. Hanna can’t stand the loud music.
→ It’s ________________________________ (the loud music)
3. Martin didn’t pay for the meal, Jenny did.
→ It _________________________________ (Martin)
4. Sara’s always late for work. It really annoys her boss.
→ What ______________________________ (to annoy)
Đáp án:
1. What Jenny was most glad with was the service of this restaurant.
2. It’s the loud music that Hanna can’t stand.
3. It was Martin who didn’t pay for the meal.
4. What really annoys Sara’s boss is that she’s always late for work.
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